ISA, GS, ST, SE, GE, and IEA segments form the envelope structure of an X12 EDI file. They tell us:
- Who
sent the file
- Who
received the file
- What type of transaction is inside
- Whether the file is complete
X12 Envelope Structure
ISA
GS
ST
Transaction Data
SE
GE
IEA
Example
ISA*00*
*00*
*ZZ*BUYERID*ZZ*SUPPLIERID*260609*1000*U*00401*000000001*0*T*>
GS*PO*BUYERID*SUPPLIERID*20260609*1000*1*X*004010
ST*850*0001
BEG*00*NE*PO12345
N1*ST*ABC HOSPITAL
SE*4*0001
GE*1*1
IEA*1*000000001
1. ISA – Interchange Control Header
The ISA segment is the outermost header of the EDI
file.
Purpose
- Identifies
sender and receiver
- Defines
separators
- Provides
interchange control number
Example
ISA*00* *00* *ZZ*BUYERID*ZZ*SUPPLIERID...
Important Elements
|
Element |
Meaning |
|
ISA06 |
Sender ID |
|
ISA08 |
Receiver ID |
|
ISA13 |
Interchange Control Number |
|
ISA15 |
Test or Production Indicator |
Example
ISA15 = T
Means Test Environment
ISA15 = P
Means Production Environment
2. GS – Functional Group Header
The GS segment starts a group of related transaction sets.
Example
GS*PO*BUYERID*SUPPLIERID*20260609*1000*1*X*004010
Purpose
Groups similar transactions together.
For example:
GS
ST 850
ST 850
ST 850
GE
Three Purchase Orders inside one Functional Group.
Common Functional IDs
|
Code |
Meaning |
|
PO |
Purchase Orders |
|
IN |
Invoices |
|
SH |
Ship Notices |
|
FA |
Acknowledgments |
3. ST – Transaction Set Header
Begins a transaction document.
Example
ST*850*0001
Meaning
|
Element |
Value |
|
ST01 |
850 |
|
ST02 |
0001 |
850 = Purchase Order
4. SE – Transaction Set Trailer
Ends the transaction document.
Example
SE*4*0001
Meaning
|
Element |
Value |
|
SE01 |
Number of Segments |
|
SE02 |
Transaction Control Number |
5. GE – Functional Group Trailer
Ends the Functional Group.
Example
GE*1*1
Meaning
|
Element |
Value |
|
GE01 |
Number of Transactions |
|
GE02 |
Group Control Number |
6. IEA – Interchange Control Trailer
Closes the entire EDI interchange.
Example
IEA*1*000000001
Meaning
|
Element |
Value |
|
IEA01 |
Number of Functional Groups |
|
IEA02 |
Interchange Control Number |
How Control Numbers Work
Transaction Level
ST*850*0001
...
SE*10*0001
ST02 must equal SE02.
Group Level
GS*PO*...*100
...
GE*1*100
GS06 must equal GE02.
Interchange Level
ISA*...*999999999
...
IEA*1*999999999
ISA13 must equal IEA02.
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